⭐ Sabse Important Points · एक नज़र में
- PMJDY: Launched in 2014 for financial inclusion; provides zero-balance bank accounts, RuPay debit card, and overdraft facility.
- MGNREGA: Enacted in 2005; guarantees 100 days of wage employment per rural household per year; demand-driven scheme.
- PMGKAY: Launched in 2020 to provide free food grains to beneficiaries under the National Food Security Act (NFSA).
- DDU-GKY: Launched in 2014; aims to skill rural youth and provide placement in jobs.
- PMAY: Launched in 2015 to provide affordable housing; targets 'Housing for All' by 2022 (extended in some phases).
- PMKVY: Launched in 2015; provides short-term skill training and certification to youth.
Introduction · परिचय
Government schemes are flagship welfare and developmental programmes launched by the Central and State Governments to address socio-economic issues like poverty, employment, education, health, and rural development. For SSC MTS, questions typically test scheme names, launch years, target beneficiaries, and key features.
Major Central Government Welfare Schemes
These schemes aim to provide financial inclusion, food security, housing, and social security to vulnerable sections. Key schemes include Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), and Ayushman Bharat.
⭐ Key Points · याद रखने वाली बातें
- PMJDY: Launched in 2014 for financial inclusion; provides zero-balance bank accounts, RuPay debit card, and overdraft facility.
- PMGKAY: Launched in 2020 to provide free food grains to beneficiaries under the National Food Security Act (NFSA).
- PMAY: Launched in 2015 to provide affordable housing; targets 'Housing for All' by 2022 (extended in some phases).
- Ayushman Bharat: Launched in 2018; provides health insurance cover of Rs. 5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care.
✍️ Solved Example 1 · हल किया हुआ उदाहरण
❓ Question: Which scheme provides a health cover of Rs. 5 lakh per family per year?
✅ Solution: Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY)
💡 Explanation: Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) offers Rs. 5 lakh health insurance per family per year for eligible beneficiaries.
Employment and Skill Development Schemes
These schemes focus on generating employment, enhancing skills, and supporting livelihoods, especially in rural areas. Key schemes include MGNREGA, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), and Start-up India.
⭐ Key Points · याद रखने वाली बातें
- MGNREGA: Enacted in 2005; guarantees 100 days of wage employment per rural household per year; demand-driven scheme.
- DDU-GKY: Launched in 2014; aims to skill rural youth and provide placement in jobs.
- PMKVY: Launched in 2015; provides short-term skill training and certification to youth.
- Start-up India: Launched in 2016; supports startups through funding, tax exemptions, and simplified regulations.
✍️ Solved Example 1 · हल किया हुआ उदाहरण
❓ Question: How many days of guaranteed wage employment does MGNREGA provide?
✅ Solution: 100 days
💡 Explanation: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005, guarantees at least 100 days of unskilled manual work per rural household per financial year.
Practice Questions · खुद हल करके देखो
पहले खुद try karo, phir “Answer dekho” dabakar check karo. 👇
Q1Which scheme was launched to provide free food grains during the COVID-19 pandemic?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY)
💡 Explanation: PMGKAY was launched in 2020 to provide free food grains to beneficiaries under NFSA during the pandemic.
Q2What is the full form of PMAY?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
💡 Explanation: PMAY stands for Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, a housing scheme for affordable housing.
Q3Which scheme guarantees 100 days of wage employment in rural areas?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: MGNREGA
💡 Explanation: MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) guarantees 100 days of wage employment per rural household per year.
⚠️ Common Mistakes · ये गलतियाँ बिल्कुल मत करना
- Confusing launch years: PMJDY (2014) vs PMAY (2015) vs Ayushman Bharat (2018) - verify years carefully.
- Mixing up beneficiary groups: PMGKAY for food security, PMJDY for financial inclusion, PMAY for housing - avoid overlap.
- Assuming all schemes are Central: some like MGNREGA are Central but implemented by states; check if question asks Central or State scheme.
⚡ Quick Revision · Exam से पहले 2 मिनट में दोहराओ
- PMJDY: Financial inclusion scheme launched in 2014; provides zero-balance accounts and RuPay card.
- MGNREGA: 100 days guaranteed rural employment; enacted in 2005.
- Ayushman Bharat: Health insurance of Rs. 5 lakh per family per year; launched in 2018.
- PMGKAY: Free food grains scheme launched in 2020 during pandemic.
- PMKVY: Skill development scheme launched in 2015 for youth.