⭐ Sabse Important Points · एक नज़र में
- Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY): Food security scheme providing free food grains to poor households; implemented through the Department of Food and Public Distribution.
- PM-KISAN: Income support scheme for landholding farmers; provides direct benefit transfer to eligible farmers.
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): Housing scheme with Urban and Gramin components; aims to provide pucca houses to eligible beneficiaries.
- MGNREGA: Rural employment guarantee scheme; provides wage employment to rural households; nodal ministry is Rural Development.
- Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY): Health assurance scheme providing annual health cover to eligible families; nodal ministry is Health and Family Welfare.
- Skill India Mission: Umbrella skill development initiative; implemented through NSDC and various sector skill councils.
Introduction · परिचय
Government schemes are flagship welfare and development programmes launched by the Central and State Governments to address socio-economic needs. For RRB Group D, questions typically test the scheme's name, launch year, target group, nodal ministry, and key benefits. This revision note covers major schemes and how to remember them accurately.
Major Central Welfare Schemes
These schemes target poverty alleviation, food security, housing, and financial inclusion. Focus on the nodal ministry and primary beneficiary group for each.
| Scheme | Primary Objective | Nodal Ministry |
|---|---|---|
| PMGKAY | Free food grains to poor | Food and Public Distribution |
| PMAY | Pucca housing for all | Housing and Urban Affairs / Rural Development |
| PM-JAY | Health assurance cover | Health and Family Welfare |
| PMJDY | Financial inclusion | Finance |
⭐ Key Points · याद रखने वाली बातें
- Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY): Food security scheme providing free food grains to poor households; implemented through the Department of Food and Public Distribution.
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): Housing scheme with Urban and Gramin components; aims to provide pucca houses to eligible beneficiaries.
- Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY): Health assurance scheme providing annual health cover to eligible families; nodal ministry is Health and Family Welfare.
- Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY): Financial inclusion scheme for opening bank accounts; nodal ministry is Finance.
✍️ Solved Example 1 · हल किया हुआ उदाहरण
❓ Question: Which scheme is primarily associated with financial inclusion through zero-balance bank accounts?
✅ Solution: Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
💡 Explanation: PMJDY was launched to bring unbanked people into the formal banking system by enabling basic savings accounts, RuPay cards, and insurance benefits.
Agriculture, Employment and Skill Schemes
These schemes support farmers' income, rural employment, and skill development. Know the implementing agency and the core benefit.
- Identify eligible rural household
- Register for job card
- Demand work
- Work allotted within stipulated time
- Wages paid via bank/post office
⭐ Key Points · याद रखने वाली बातें
- PM-KISAN: Income support scheme for landholding farmers; provides direct benefit transfer to eligible farmers.
- MGNREGA: Rural employment guarantee scheme; provides wage employment to rural households; nodal ministry is Rural Development.
- Skill India Mission: Umbrella skill development initiative; implemented through NSDC and various sector skill councils.
- PM Fasal Bima Yojana: Crop insurance scheme protecting farmers against crop loss due to natural calamities.
✍️ Solved Example 1 · हल किया हुआ उदाहरण
❓ Question: Which scheme guarantees wage employment to rural households?
✅ Solution: MGNREGA
💡 Explanation: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act provides a legal guarantee of wage employment to rural households, implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development.
Practice Questions · खुद हल करके देखो
पहले खुद try karo, phir “Answer dekho” dabakar check karo. 👇
Q1Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana is primarily related to which sector?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: Financial inclusion
💡 Explanation: PMJDY aims to provide banking access to unbanked populations through zero-balance accounts and RuPay cards.
Q2Which scheme provides free food grains to poor households?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: PMGKAY
💡 Explanation: Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana provides free food grains to eligible poor households under the food security framework.
Q3MGNREGA is implemented by which ministry?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: Ministry of Rural Development
💡 Explanation: MGNREGA is a rural employment guarantee law administered by the Ministry of Rural Development.
⚠️ Common Mistakes · ये गलतियाँ बिल्कुल मत करना
- Confusing PM-KISAN (income support) with PM Fasal Bima Yojana (crop insurance): remember KISAN = cash transfer, Bima = insurance.
- Mixing up nodal ministries: PM-JAY is Health, PMJDY is Finance, MGNREGA is Rural Development; verify latest allocation if notification-specific.
- Assuming all schemes are Central schemes: some are State schemes or centrally sponsored; check the official notification for exact classification.
⚡ Quick Revision · Exam से पहले 2 मिनट में दोहराओ
- PMGKAY: Free food grains; Department of Food and Public Distribution.
- PMJDY: Financial inclusion; Ministry of Finance; zero-balance accounts.
- MGNREGA: Rural wage employment guarantee; Ministry of Rural Development.
- PM-KISAN: Farmer income support via direct benefit transfer.
- PM-JAY: Health assurance cover; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.