⭐ Sabse Important Points · एक नज़र में
- Cardinal Directions: North, South, East, West; intercardinal: North-East (NE), North-West (NW), South-East (SE), South-West (SW).
- Pythagoras Theorem: In a right triangle, (hypotenuse)^2 = (base)^2 + (perpendicular)^2; use to find shortest distance.
- Left/Right Turn Rule: Facing North, left = West, right = East; facing South, left = East, right = West; facing East, left = North, right = South; facing West, left = South, right = North.
- Coordinate Method: Assign start as (0,0); North = +y, South = -y, East = +x, West = -x; final displacement = sqrt(x^2 + y^2).
- Cardinal Directions: N, E, S, W; intercardinal: NE, NW, SE, SW.
- Left/Right Turn Rule: Facing North, left=West, right=East; adjust for other directions.
Introduction · परिचय
Direction Sense tests your ability to track movement and orientation in space. Questions describe a person walking or turning in various directions, and you must determine the final position, distance, or direction relative to the start. Mastering basic compass directions and Pythagoras theorem is essential for quick solving in IBPS PO.
Basic Directions and Turns
The four main directions are North (N), South (S), East (E), West (W). Turns are typically 90° left or right unless specified otherwise. A left turn from North leads to West, right turn from North leads to East, and so on. Always draw a diagram to avoid confusion.
- Start facing a direction
- Apply first turn (left/right)
- Update direction
- Apply next turn
- Final direction
📐 Formula / Rule Box · सूत्र याद रखो
Left/Right Turn Rule
Facing North, left = West, right = East; facing South, left = East, right = West; facing East, left = North, right = South; facing West, left = South, right = North.
⭐ Key Points · याद रखने वाली बातें
- Cardinal Directions: North, South, East, West; intercardinal: North-East (NE), North-West (NW), South-East (SE), South-West (SW).
✍️ Solved Example 1 · हल किया हुआ उदाहरण
❓ Question: A man starts facing North, turns 90° left, then 90° right. Which direction is he facing now?
✅ Solution: North
💡 Explanation: Start facing North. Left turn → West. Right turn from West → North. Final direction: North.
Distance and Displacement
Distance is the total path length traveled, while displacement is the straight-line distance from start to end. Use Pythagoras theorem when movements form a right triangle. For non-right triangles, use vector addition or coordinate geometry.
📐 Formula / Rule Box · सूत्र याद रखो
Pythagoras Theorem
c = sqrt(a^2 + b^2)
Displacement (coordinates)
d = sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
Pythagoras Theorem
In a right triangle, (hypotenuse)^2 = (base)^2 + (perpendicular)^2; use to find shortest distance.
| Distance | Displacement |
|---|---|
| Total path length | Straight-line from start to end |
| Scalar (no direction) | Vector (has direction) |
| Always ≥ displacement | Always ≤ distance |
⭐ Key Points · याद रखने वाली बातें
- Coordinate Method: Assign start as (0,0); North = +y, South = -y, East = +x, West = -x; final displacement = sqrt(x^2 + y^2).
✍️ Solved Example 1 · हल किया हुआ उदाहरण
❓ Question: A person walks 3 km North, then 4 km East. What is the shortest distance from start?
✅ Solution: 5 km
💡 Explanation: Movements form a right triangle with legs 3 and 4. Displacement = sqrt(3^2 + 4^2) = sqrt(9+16) = sqrt(25) = 5 km.
Practice Questions · खुद हल करके देखो
पहले खुद try karo, phir “Answer dekho” dabakar check karo. 👇
Q1A person starts facing South, turns 90° left, then 180° right. Which direction is he facing?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: North
💡 Explanation: Start facing South. Left turn → East. 180° right from East → West. Final direction: West.
Q2A man walks 5 km North, then 12 km East. How far is he from the starting point?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: 13 km
💡 Explanation: Right triangle with legs 5 and 12. Displacement = sqrt(5^2 + 12^2) = sqrt(25+144) = sqrt(169) = 13 km.
Q3If North-East becomes South-West after a 180° rotation, what does North-West become?
👀 Answer dekho
✅ Answer: South-East
💡 Explanation: A 180° rotation reverses both components: North-West (N+W) becomes South-East (S+E).
⚠️ Common Mistakes · ये गलतियाँ बिल्कुल मत करना
- Assuming left/right turns are always 90°: In some questions, turns may be 45° or 180°; read carefully.
- Forgetting to draw a diagram: Always sketch the path to avoid direction errors.
- Confusing distance with displacement: Distance is total path, displacement is straight-line; questions often ask for shortest distance.
⚡ Quick Revision · Exam से पहले 2 मिनट में दोहराओ
- Cardinal Directions: N, E, S, W; intercardinal: NE, NW, SE, SW.
- Left/Right Turn Rule: Facing North, left=West, right=East; adjust for other directions.
- Pythagoras Theorem: Use for right triangles to find shortest distance: c = sqrt(a^2 + b^2).